From 1968, the central government established a series of area-based initiatives that operated on the basis of 'positive discrimination' towards the social needs of local residents. Over the course of the next 10 years, this area-based positive discrimination became an increasingly important part of social policy in Britain. This article uses Glasgow as a case study to show, first, how both the local and the central government attempted to define the problem of 'multiple deprivation' in the 1970s. Second, it shows how social studies were used to locate multiply deprived communities within urban areas, thereby feeding into the identification of the 'inner city' as a policy problem. Finally, this article shows how evidence of the concentration of multiple deprivation and the adoption of area-based strategies contributed to the fracturing of the welfare state, eroding the universalist principles upon which post-war social policy had been based.

中文翻译：

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多重剥夺、内城和福利国家的分裂：格拉斯哥，c。1968–78

从 1968 年开始，中央政府制定了一系列基于区域的举措，这些举措基于对当地居民的社会需求的“积极歧视”。在接下来的 10 年中，这种基于地区的积极歧视成为英国社会政策中越来越重要的一部分。本文以格拉斯哥为例，首先说明地方和中央政府如何试图定义 1970 年代的“多重剥夺”问题。其次，它展示了社会研究如何被用于定位城市地区内的多重贫困社区，从而有助于将“内城”确定为一个政策问题。最后，