Using two waves of the National Comorbidity Survey, this study examines the relationship between sexual violence and major depression among women, focusing on rape. It uncovers evidence for two-way relationships that, among other things, shed light on who is at risk of sexual assault. Although rape increases the risk of developing major depression in a prospective fashion, depressed women are also at a higher risk of being raped. These pathways inflate the unadjusted prospective relationship between rape and major depression, though they do not explain it altogether. Comparisons between disorders indicate that major depression plays as significant a role as alcohol abuse disorder, and that depressed women are not at a higher risk only because of associated alcohol consumption. This study encourages further research not only on the effects of sexual violence on depression but also the role of common psychiatric disorders in the stress generation process, including how perpetrators target victims.

中文翻译：

---

妇女中的性暴力和严重抑郁：对等关系的证据

这项研究使用两波全国合并症调查，考察了性暴力与妇女严重抑郁之间的关系，重点是强奸。它发现了双向关系的证据，除其他外，它揭示了谁有遭受性侵犯的风险。尽管强奸会以预期的方式增加患上严重抑郁症的风险，但沮丧的妇女也有被强奸的风险。这些途径充实了强奸与重度抑郁之间未经调整的预期关系，尽管并不能完全解释这一点。疾病之间的比较表明，严重的抑郁症与酗酒症一样重要，并且抑郁症的妇女仅由于相关的饮酒而没有较高的危险。