Based on fieldwork and interviews during the run-up to the 2016 election, we examine how Trump supporters vilified Hillary Clinton as a bitch. We first analyze how Trump rally attendees collaborated to bitchify Clinton (e.g., through displays, chants, speaker–audience exchanges) in ways that fostered emotional bonding, a politically incorrect situational definition, and shared identities as Trump supporters. We then examine how interviewees constructed narratives that more subtly rooted her alleged posturing for power, profiteering, and evading justice in her bitch-like personality. To distinguish between explicit bitchifying—which was common at the rallies—and implicit characterization—which was common during the formal interviews—we develop the concept of “bitch-whistling,” which frames but not names women as bitches. We conclude by exploring how this study contributes to understanding Trump’s 2016 victory, research on gender and politics, and political narratives more generally.

根据2016年大选前夕的实地调查和访谈，我们研究了特朗普的支持者如何抨击希拉里·克林顿（Hillary Clinton）。我们首先分析特朗普集会的参与者如何通过促进情感联系，政治上不正确的情境定义以及与特朗普支持者的认同感共同合作（例如通过展示，圣歌，演讲者-观众交流）对克林顿进行bit琐。然后，我们研究了受访者如何构建叙事，以更巧妙地扎根她所谓的权力，牟取暴利和逃避她personality子般性格中的正义的姿态。为了区分在集会中很常见的显式bit子化和在正式面试中很常见的隐式表征，我们提出了“ b子呼啸”的概念，该概念构架但不称呼女性为bit子。