In 1433, Lorenzo Valla attacked contemporary jurisprudence with a treatise attributed to the civilian lawyer Bartolus of Saxoferrato, the “De insigniis et armis.” This was considered Europe's first treatise on heraldry until a team of legal historians questioned its subject matter and authenticity. Meanwhile, visual culture continues to be seen as peripheral to Valla's critical agenda. This article proposes that Valla engaged images as manifestations of social authority and historical change. His epistle against Bartolus participates in an intellectual history of intersections between philology, antiquarianism, and the anthropology of images in which heraldry has been defined.

中文翻译：

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洛伦佐·瓦拉的法学批判、纹章的发现和图像语言学

1433 年，洛伦佐·瓦拉 (Lorenzo Valla) 用一篇归因于萨克索费拉托 (Saxoferrato) 的平民律师巴托卢斯 (Bartolus) 的论文“De insigniis et armis”攻击了当代法学。这被认为是欧洲第一部关于纹章的论文，直到一个法律历史学家团队质疑其主题和真实性。与此同时，视觉文化继续被视为瓦拉批评议程的外围。本文提出，瓦拉将图像视为社会权威和历史变迁的表现形式。他反对巴托罗斯的书信涉及文字学、古物学和纹章学定义的图像人类学之间的交叉知识史。