The study examines the notion of happy life and its ingredients in a rural adivasi (first nation people) community experiencing the influences of acculturation and development taking place in the rapidly globalising world. The study was carried out on 200 males of the Kharwar adivasi group residing in 11 villages of the Naugarh Block of Chanduali district in Uttar Pradesh. The participants, aged 30–60 years, were given the happy life test (Sinha, 1969, Indian villages in transition: A motivational analysis. Delhi: Associated Publishing House) with slight modification in the questions. Content analysis of responses brought out five major elements of happy life, namely economy, relationships, health, meaningful engagements and money. Cluster analysis revealed that only economy, relationships and health were reliable elements of happy life, while the other two elements were outliers. As compared to the happy Kharwars, the less happy Kharwars suggested more number of items as ingredients of happy life. The findings suggest that the ingredients of happy life are culture specific and not universal. It is suggested that, even in the face of a development model, which underscores material possessions, the life of people in traditional societies, such as of the Kharwar, is driven largely by need rather than by greed.

中文翻译：

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印度Kharwars走向发展之旅对幸福生活的意义

该研究考察了在迅速全球化的世界中经历文化和发展影响的农村adivasi（第一民族）社区中幸福生活的概念及其要素。这项研究是对北方邦昌杜里区瑙加尔街区11个村庄的200名Kharwar adivasi男性进行的。参与者年龄在30至60岁之间，接受了幸福生活测试（Sinha，1969年，转型中的印度村庄：动机分析；德里：美联社），对问题进行了一些修改。对答复的内容分析提出了幸福生活的五个主要要素，即经济，人际关系，健康，有意义的参与和金钱。聚类分析表明，只有经济，人际关系和健康才是幸福生活的可靠要素，而其他两个元素是异常值。与幸福的Kharwars相比，幸福程度较低的Kharwars提出了更多的物品作为幸福生活的组成部分。研究结果表明，幸福生活的成分是文化特有的，而不是普遍的。有人建议，即使面对强调物质财富的发展模式，传统社会（如喀尔瓦尔邦）的人们的生活在很大程度上是由需求而非贪婪所驱动。