ABSTRACT

Recently, many scholars have explored the legal challenges likely to be posed by introduction of automated and autonomous vehicles. Minimal attention has focused on the legal implications of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) in vehicles already currently available. These can warn of external dangers, monitor driver behavior and control how a vehicle brakes, accelerates, maintains speed or position on the road. The dynamic driving task is no longer reliant simply on the physical interaction of human driver with that vehicle. Instead, the vehicle may act apart from human direction as it senses other objects in the immediate environment or monitors the human driver’s behavior or biometrics. These technological tools, which reduce the opportunity for human error, can be described as augmenting human driving capacity. Increases in safety promised by ADAS, arguably already evidenced by data, may require a reassessment of the risks posed by ‘un-augmented’ human drivers, what is now foreseeable given the data generated by ADAS and wearable driver-monitoring technology, and whether ‘un-augmented’ driving is any longer a reasonable response to that risk.

摘要

最近，许多学者探讨了引入自动驾驶汽车可能带来的法律挑战。目前已经可用的车辆中的高级驾驶员辅助系统 (ADAS) 的法律影响很少受到关注。这些可以警告外部危险，监控驾驶员行为并控制车辆如何制动、加速、保持速度或在道路上的位置。动态驾驶任务不再仅仅依赖于人类驾驶员与该车辆的物理交互。取而代之的是，车辆可能会在人类方向之外行动，因为它可以感知周围环境中的其他物体或监控人类驾驶员的行为或生物特征。这些减少人为错误机会的技术工具可以被描述为增强人类驾驶能力。