This paper examines the “methodology,” or philosophy of social science, developed by Felix Kaufmann in the second quarter of the 20th century, with the aim of determining its influence on the early work of the sociologist Harold Garfinkel. Kaufmann’s two methodology books are discussed, one written before, the other after, his migration from Austria to the United States. It is argued that Garfinkel took over Kaufmann’s conception of scientific practice: as a set of procedural rules or methods that determine whether or not new propositions will be accepted into the corpus of scientific knowledge, and whether previously accepted propositions should be retained or abandoned. However, Garfinkel deployed this methodology not so much as a model for sociological inquiry, but rather for the processes by which the lifeworld is constituted—an area of investigation that is epistemologically prior to the focus of most social science, and one which had been opened up in the writings of Edmund Husserl and (especially) Alfred Schutz. It is suggested that Kaufmann’s “methodology” was an important complement to the work of these other two philosophers in their influence on Garfinkel.

中文翻译：

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费利克斯·考夫曼的方法论对哈罗德·加芬克尔的民族方法论的影响

本文研究了费利克斯·考夫曼（Felix Kaufmann）在20世纪第二个世纪提出的“方法论”或社会科学哲学，旨在确定其对社会学家哈罗德·加芬克尔（Harold Garfinkel）早期工作的影响。讨论了考夫曼的两本方法论书，一本是他从奥地利移民到美国之前写的，另一本是写在他之后的。有人争辩说，加芬克尔接管了考夫曼的科学实践的概念：作为一套程序规则或方法，确定新的命题是否将被接受到科学知识的语料库中，以及先前应接受的命题是否应保留或放弃。但是，加芬克尔（Garfinkel）所采用的方法论不只是社会学探究的模型，但是，对于构成生活世界的过程而言，这是一个认识论领域，它是大多数社会科学关注之前的认识论领域，并且在埃德蒙·胡塞尔（Edmund Husserl）和（特别是）阿尔弗雷德·舒茨（Alfred Schutz）的著作中已经开辟了这一领域。有人提出，考夫曼的“方法论”是对另外两位哲学家对加芬克尔的影响的重要补充。