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Horizons of the word: Words and tools in perception and action
Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s11097-020-09655-5
Hayden Kee

In this paper I develop a novel account of the phenomenality of language by focusing on characteristics of perceived speech. I explore the extent to which the spoken word can be said to have a horizonal structure similar to that of spatiotemporal objects: our perception of each is informed by habitual associations and expectations formed through past experiences of the object or word and other associated objects and experiences. Specifically, the horizonal structure of speech in use can fruitfully be compared to that of a tool in use. The comparison suggests an account of our linguistic faculty as continuous with more foundational faculties of perception and action. I provide empirical corroboration of this account by drawing on recent neuroimaging studies of the multimodal, sensorimotor bases of speech comprehension. I then discuss how such an understanding of our linguistic ability helps advocates of embodied, non-representationalist accounts of cognition respond to a common objection. Critics grant that embodied approaches may be adequate to account for lower-level, online modes of cognition, such as perception and action, which directly engage their object. But they question whether such approaches can “scale up” to higher modes of cognition, such as imagination, memory, thought, and language, which can entertain absent, non-existent, or abstract objects. By providing a plausible account of the continuity of lower cognition and language-involving cognition, my approach responds to this objection, at least where language is concerned.

中文翻译:

单词的视野:感知和行动中的单词和工具

在本文中,我将重点放在感知语音的特征上,从而对语言的现象性提出了新颖的解释。我探讨了说出的单词在多大程度上具有与时空对象相似的水平结构:我们对每个单词的感知是通过习惯性联想和期望而形成的,这些联想和期望是通过对象或单词以及其他相关对象和体验的过去经验形成的。具体而言,可以将使用中的语音的水平结构与使用中的工具的水平结构进行比较。比较结果表明,我们的语言学系是连续的,而基础学系则具有更多的感知和行动基础。通过对语音理解的多模态,感觉运动基础的最新神经影像研究,我提供了这种说法的经验证据。然后,我将讨论对语言能力的这种理解如何帮助主张体现的,非代表主义的认知论者回应一个共同的反对意见。批评者认为,具体化的方法可能足以解释直接参与其对象的低级在线认知模式,例如感知和行动。但是他们质疑这样的方法是否可以“扩大”到更高的认知模式,例如想象力,记忆力,思想和语言,从而可以招待缺乏,不存在或抽象的对象。通过合理地说明低级认知和涉及语言的认知的连续性,我的方法至少在涉及语言的情况下对这一反对意见做出了回应。非代表主义的认知解释回应了一个共同的反对。批评者认为,具体化的方法可能足以解释直接参与其对象的低级在线认知模式,例如感知和行动。但是他们质疑这样的方法是否可以“扩大”到更高的认知模式,例如想象力,记忆力,思想和语言,从而可以招待缺乏,不存在或抽象的对象。通过合理地说明低级认知和涉及语言的认知的连续性,我的方法至少在涉及语言的情况下对这一反对意见做出了回应。非代表性的认知解释对一个常见的异议作出回应。批评者认为,具体化的方法可能足以解释直接参与其对象的低级在线认知模式,例如感知和行动。但是他们质疑这样的方法是否可以“扩大”到更高的认知模式,例如想象力,记忆力,思想和语言,从而可以招待缺乏,不存在或抽象的对象。通过合理地说明低级认知和涉及语言的认知的连续性,我的方法至少在涉及语言的情况下对这一反对意见做出了回应。但是他们质疑这样的方法是否可以“扩大”到更高的认知模式,例如想象力,记忆力,思想和语言,从而可以招待缺乏,不存在或抽象的对象。通过合理地说明低级认知和涉及语言的认知的连续性,我的方法至少在涉及语言的情况下对这一反对意见做出了回应。但是他们质疑这样的方法是否可以“扩大”到更高的认知模式,例如想象力,记忆力,思想和语言,从而可以招待缺乏,不存在或抽象的对象。通过合理地说明低级认知和涉及语言的认知的连续性,我的方法至少在涉及语言的情况下对这一反对意见做出了回应。
更新日期:2020-02-08
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