This study is designed to bring together the existential-psychoanalytic psychology of Ernest Becker and the pluralistic transpersonal psychology of William James to bear on how perceptions of death and transformations of death anxiety shape, in subtle and significant ways, the phenomenology of substance use disorder. Specifically, this study examines the ways in which these two divergent sympathies (read: ontologies) are actually two reciprocally-enforcing ends of a continuum of how to think about substance use disorder and, more importantly, how to overcome it. In yoking these oppositional cartographies of consciousness together, this article brings to light the integral role that unconscious death anxiety plays in the formation and sustainment of addictions and explores the mechanics of recovery through the lens of the transformation of death anxiety. In doing so, it demonstrates that recovery from substance use disorder is dependent upon the successful metabolization of death anxiety from both a Jamesian and Beckerian perspective.

中文翻译：

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代谢死亡：通过威廉詹姆斯和欧内斯特贝克尔的创造性制图重新思考从物质使用障碍中恢复

本研究旨在将 Ernest Becker 的存在精神分析心理学和 William James 的多元超个人心理学结合起来，以探讨对死亡的看法和死亡焦虑的转变如何以微妙而重要的方式塑造物质使用障碍的现象学。具体来说，这项研究考察了这两种不同的同情（阅读：本体论）实际上是如何思考物质使用障碍的连续统一体的两个相互强制的末端，更重要的是，如何克服它。将这些对立的意识制图结合在一起，本文揭示了无意识死亡焦虑在成瘾的形成和维持中所起的整体作用，并通过死亡焦虑转化的视角探讨了恢复的机制。这样做，它表明从詹姆斯和贝克尔的角度来看，物质使用障碍的恢复取决于死亡焦虑的成功代谢。