There are three extant, southern Netherlandish group portraits of surgeons: "The anatomy lesson of Dr Joannes van Buyten" (1648) by the Antwerp portraitist Frans Denys (1610-1670), "The board of governors of the Bruges surgeons"(1677) by Philips Bernaerts, and "The anatomy lesson" (1679) featuring four Bruges surgeons by an anonymous artist. Civic group portraits from Bruges have received scant attention in the literature, and very little was known about Philips Bernaerts. Archival documents have aided the following reconstruction of how "The board of governors of the Bruges surgeons" came to be made, and demonstrate that the surgeons were a very active professional guild in the second half of the seventeenth century. The commission of this civic group portrait was an expression of their growing self-assurance and cohesion as a group. New biographical discoveries shed a light on the professional knowledge and activities of the II surgeons. They also tell us something about their personalities. Now, for the first time, it is posible to suggest a name for the candidate surgeon. The art-historical literature places the Ghent painter Philips Bernaerts, who was active there from 1640 onwards, alongside a namesake in Bruges. The archival research carried out for this article now reveals that they are one and the same person. Philips Bernaerts married Johanna Vandenberghe, with whom he had at least seven children in Ghent between 1651 an 1664. He died in Bruges on 18 August 1683, and was buried there in the friary of the Franciscan Recollects. Thanks to these new discoveries it is possible to sketch the first complete picture of Bernaerts's artistic activity. He was a prominent figure in the world of Ghent painters from 1646 to 1658-1660, among other things as member of the board of governors. He painted numerous works for religious houses and churches in and around Ghent, and in Bruges as well, mostly large altarpieces. Bernaerts is highly rated for his composition and colouring. Stylistically he was clearly indebted to Gaspar de Crayed (1584-1669), and Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640). In 1677 Bernaerts became a master painter in Bruges and executed his large civic group portrait of "The board of governors of the Bruges surgeons" that same year. The canvas is an exception in his oeuvre in that he is not known to have painted any other portraits. There is no information about his artistic output after 1677.

中文翻译：

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De eed van de Brugse chirurgijnen, eencorporatiestuk van Philips Bernaerts (1677)。Een contextuele analysis遇到了 nieuwe gegevens over maker en geportretteerden

现存三幅荷兰南部外科医生的集体肖像：安特卫普肖像画家弗兰斯丹尼斯（1610-1670）的“Joannes van Buyten 博士的解剖课”（1648 年），“布鲁日外科医生的董事会”（1677 年）由 Philips Bernaerts 撰写，以及由一位匿名艺术家创作的由四名布鲁日外科医生组成的“解剖课”（1679 年）。布鲁日的市民团体肖像在文献中很少受到关注，而且对飞利浦伯纳尔茨的了解也很少。档案文件有助于随后重建“布鲁日外科医生理事会”的形成方式，并表明外科医生是 17 世纪下半叶非常活跃的专业行会。这幅公民集体肖像的委托表达了他们作为一个群体日益增长的自信和凝聚力。新的传记发现揭示了 II 外科医生的专业知识和活动。他们还告诉我们一些关于他们个性的事情。现在，第一次可以为候选外科医生推荐一个名字。在艺术史文献中，从 1640 年起就活跃在根特的画家飞利浦·伯纳茨 (Philips Bernaerts) 与布鲁日的一位同名画家并列。为这篇文章进行的档案研究现在表明他们是同一个人。Philips Bernaerts 与 Johanna Vandenberghe 结婚，他于 1651 年至 1664 年间在根特与他们至少有七个孩子。他于 1683 年 8 月 18 日在布鲁日去世，并被埋葬在方济会回忆会的修道士那里。由于这些新发现，才有可能勾勒出伯纳尔茨艺术活动的第一幅完整图画。从 1646 年到 1658-1660 年，他是根特画家界的杰出人物，除其他外，他还是理事会成员。他为根特及其周边地区以及布鲁日的宗教房屋和教堂绘制了大量作品，主要是大型祭坛画。Bernaerts 因其构图和色彩而受到高度评价。在风格上，他显然要感谢 Gaspar de Crayed（1584-1669）和 Peter Paul Rubens（1577-1640）。1677 年，伯纳尔茨成为布鲁日的大师级画家，并于同年完成了他的大型公民集体肖像“布鲁日外科医生理事会”。画布是他所有作品中的一个例外，因为他没有画过任何其他肖像画。