Abstract While linguistic prejudice is commonly understood to concern individuals or social groups because of the way they speak, we can also see it as damaging language used about individuals or social groups. In this article, I start by looking at the traditional sociolinguistic understanding of linguistic prejudice, then go on to look rather widely at various forms of prejudicial/sexist language about women. In doing so, I identify various lexical asymmetries and associated “lexical gaps”. The main part of the article takes this further by exploring how certain insults to men draw on an understood prejudice again women. I illustrate this with a “telling case”: three naturally occurring examples of prejudicial, sexist language recently used by British prime minister Boris Johnson: big girl’s blouse, man up and girly swot. For all three to work, they draw on what we might call a discourse of “Women as ineffectual”. I conclude with a discussion of intentionality as regards this sort of prejudicial language use, what it is intended to achieve and how it can be resisted.

中文翻译：

---

性别，语言和偏见：鲍里斯·约翰逊（Boris Johnson）话语中的内隐性别歧视

摘要尽管语言偏见通常被理解为与个人或社会群体有关，因为它们的说话方式，但我们也可以将其视为对个人或社会群体使用的破坏性语言。在本文中，我将从研究对语言偏见的传统社会语言理解开始，然后继续相当广泛地研究关于女性的各种偏见/性存在语言。通过这样做，我确定了各种词汇不对称和相关的“词汇空缺”。本文的主要部分通过探讨对男人的某些侮辱如何再次利用对女人的理解偏见来使这一点更进一步。我通过一个“案例”来说明这一点：英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊最近使用的三个自然存在的偏见，性别歧视性语言的例子：大女孩的上衣，男人打扮和女孩子的烂摊子。为了这三个工作，他们借鉴了我们所谓的“女性无能”的话语。最后，我将讨论关于这种偏见性语言使用，意图达到的目的以及如何抵抗它的意图。