Medieval Icelanders defined their ideas about language, the composition of literature, grammar, and the relationship between Icelandic and Latin in a series of vernacular treatises. One such treatise, the fourteenth-century Fourth Grammatical Treatise, describes the forms and mechanics of writing skaldic poetry. In addition to rhetorical and grammatical information, it provides insight into to the Christian Latin material that was known or available to medieval Icelandic authors. Some of these texts, often neglected by scholars of literature, reflect ideas found in Gregory’s Moralia in Iob, including his explanation of the four stages that sinners pass through as they move from temptation to mortal sin. It also reflects traditional exegesis of the baptism of Jesus in the Jordan, in which Jesus is said to purify the water. These elucidations provide insight into the freedom, or lack thereof, that Icelandic authors had to translate and adapt Christian Latin terminology and concepts into vernacular texts and tightly structured skaldic verse.

中文翻译：

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罪的四种模式和水的净化：第四篇语法论文，第 21 章，第 48 和 50 节

中世纪的冰岛人在一系列白话论文中定义了他们对语言、文学构成、语法以及冰岛语和拉丁语之间的关系的看法。14 世纪第四篇语法论文就是这样的一篇论文，它描述了写作 skaldic 诗歌的形式和机制。除了修辞和语法信息外，它还提供了对中世纪冰岛作家已知或可用的基督教拉丁语材料的洞察力。其中一些经常被文学学者忽视的文本反映了格雷戈里在伊奥布的《道德经》中发现的思想，包括他对罪人从试探到大罪所经历的四个阶段的解释。它还反映了耶稣在约旦河中受洗的传统解释，据说耶稣净化了水。