How does the presence of women’s INGOs relate to restrictions on women’s civil society? Although women’s INGOs may help protect against civil society restrictions in most situations, we contend that the presence of women’s INGOs within a country may lead to increased restrictions on women’s civil society when countries are extremely economically or politically vulnerable. At these times, women’s INGOs are more likely to be seen as an outside instigator, possibly leading to more political or economic change. In an effort to retain power, leaders may use women’s INGOs as scapegoats; attention to them and restrictions on women’s civil society more generally may be a tactic taken by a leader that is politically or economically vulnerable. We test our hypotheses in a cross-national sample of non-OECD countries from 1975 to 2013, using new data on civil society restrictions and the involvement of women’s INGOs. We find evidence in support of our central argument: economic and political vulnerability may condition the relationship between women’s INGOs and future restrictions on women’s civil society.

中文翻译：

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意外限制：妇女权利国际非政府组织和妇女民间社会限制

妇女国际非政府组织的存在与对妇女公民社会的限制有何关系？尽管在大多数情况下女性国际非政府组织可能有助于防止公民社会的限制，但我们认为，当国家在经济或政治上极其脆弱时，女性国际非政府组织在一个国家的存在可能会导致对妇女公民社会的限制增加。在这些时候，女性国际非政府组织更有可能被视为外部煽动者，可能会导致更多的政治或经济变革。为了保住权力，领导人可能会利用女性的国际非政府组织作为替罪羊；对她们的关注和对妇女民间社会的更普遍的限制可能是政治或经济上处于弱势的领导人所采取的一种策略。我们在 1975 年至 2013 年非经合组织国家的跨国样本中检验了我们的假设，使用关于民间社会限制和妇女国际非政府组织参与的新数据。我们找到了支持我们中心论点的证据：经济和政治脆弱性可能会影响女性国际非政府组织与未来对女性公民社会的限制之间的关系。