Scholars debate whether Hobbes held to a command theory of law or to a natural law theory, and to what extent they are compatible. Curiously, however, Hobbes summarizes his own teachings by claiming that it is “natural justice” that sovereigns should study, an idea that recalls ancient virtue ethics and which is seemingly incompatible with both command and natural law theory. The purpose of this article is to explicate the general significance of natural justice in Leviathan. It is argued that below the formal and ideological claims regarding the law's legitimacy, the effective ground of the legitimacy of both the civil and natural laws is sovereign virtue. In turn, it is argued that the model for this idea was found in Aristotle. As such, this article constitutes a general recasting of Hobbes's legal philosophy with a focus on the natural person of the sovereign.

中文翻译：

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霍布斯《利维坦》中的自然正义、法律和美德

学者们争论霍布斯是坚持命令法理论还是自然法理论，以及它们在多大程度上兼容。然而，奇怪的是，霍布斯总结了他自己的教义，声称主权者应该研究“自然正义”，这种想法让人想起古代美德伦理，似乎与命令理论和自然法理论都不相容。本文旨在阐释《利维坦》中自然正义的普遍意义。有人认为，在关于法律合法性的形式和意识形态主张之下，民法和自然法合法性的有效基础是主权美德。反过来，有人认为这个想法的模型是在亚里士多德中找到的。因此，本文构成了对霍布斯的一般重新塑造