The consequences of Spanish colonial/capitalist intrusions in highland Guatemala are an emerging focus of archaeological investigation. While providing insight into the entanglements between colonialism and capitalism and their effects on Maya communities, it is critical not to fixate only on extractive and exploitative labor regimes to the exclusion of other patterns of practice and production central to the experience of people in the past. In our analyses, a singular focus on capitalist colonialism reifies the suffocating ubiquity of abstract processes, foreclosing the possibility of other ways of being in the world that were not capitalist, colonial, or formed in relation or opposition to them. Instead, a holistic approach to the assemblage of production practices in capitalist colonial contexts allows for analyses of “capitalist” practices that exist side side-by-side and/or articulated with other practices—traditional and innovative—outside the unproductive two-step of either resistance to or engagement with capitalism or colonialism. In this article we use archival and archaeological research on colonial Maya sites in the piedmont and highland regions of Guatemala to piece together the spectrum of economic and productive practices carried out by colonial Maya communities: some coerced, some opportunistic of the emerging colonial economic landscape, and others having little to do with the intrusions of capitalist/colonial practices and effects.

中文翻译：

---

生产组合：危地马拉高地的资本主义殖民劳工制度和其他生产实践

西班牙殖民/资本主义入侵危地马拉高原的后果是考古调查的一个新兴焦点。在深入了解殖民主义和资本主义之间的纠葛及其对玛雅社区的影响的同时，重要的是不要只关注榨取性和剥削性的劳动制度，而排除对过去人们的体验至关重要的其他实践和生产模式。在我们的分析中，对资本主义殖民主义的单一关注具体化了令人窒息的无处不在的抽象过程，排除了世界上其他非资本主义、殖民主义或与它们相关或反对它们的存在方式的可能性。反而，资本主义殖民背景下生产实践组合的整体方法允许分析与其他实践（传统和创新）并存和/或与其他实践（传统和创新）结合的“资本主义”实践，而不是非生产性的两步抵抗或参与资本主义或殖民主义。在本文中，我们利用对危地马拉山麓和高地地区玛雅殖民地遗址的档案和考古研究，将殖民玛雅社区进行的一系列经济和生产实践拼凑起来：有些是被迫的，有些是对新兴殖民经济格局的投机取巧，和其他与资本主义/殖民实践和影响的入侵无关。