In English, adverbials may intervene between the verb and a selected PP. We consider three analyses of this fact: the traditional account, that the PP shifts rightward across a right-adjoined adverbial (Stowell 1981); an alternative account, that the verb moves leftward across a left-adjoined adverbial (Pesetsky 1989, Johnson 1991); and a hybrid account that assumes both extraposition and verb raising. We argue that the order of postverbal adverbials favors the extraposition analysis, provided this analysis is combined with the hypothesis that certain adverbials can directly modify other adverbials (Rohrbacher 1994, Williams 2014). We then compare two instantiations of the extraposition analysis: the traditional account and an antisymmetric account that emulates PP-extraposition through a combination of PP-intraposition and roll-up movement. While close to being notational variants, these accounts can be teased apart using the very strict locality requirement that holds of interaction with temporal only. The data then show that the symmetric account has the edge. Finally, we briefly discuss the implications of our findings for the analysis of the English VP, with a focus on the circumstances under which the verb moves.

中文翻译：

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PP介词和英语副词的顺序

用英语，动词和选定的PP之间可能会插入状语。我们考虑对这一事实的三种分析：传统的说法，即PP在右伴随的副词上向右移动（Stowell 1981）；另一种说法是，动词在左连接的副词上向左移动（Pesetsky 1989，Johnson 1991）；以及一个兼顾介词和动词加注的混合帐户。我们认为，副词的顺序有利于外位分析，前提是该分析与某些副词可以直接修饰其他副词的假设相结合（Rohrbacher 1994，Williams 2014）。然后，我们比较了外置分析的两个实例：传统帐户和通过PP内插和汇总移动的组合来模拟PP外置的反对称帐户。虽然这些符号接近于符号变体，但可以使用非常严格的局部性要求（仅与时间相互作用）来区分这些帐户。然后，数据显示对称帐户具有边。最后，我们简要讨论了我们的发现对英语VP分析的意义，重点是动词在什么情况下移动。