General vowel harmony and disharmony rules have comparable formal complexity but differ dramatically in typological frequency and phonetic motivation. Previous studies found no difference in learning between vowel harmony and disharmony; this putative equivalence has been used to discount the view that learners are influenced by substantive learning biases. In the current study, we use a more nuanced test to show that there is a clear difference in learning between vowel harmony and disharmony: learners readily infer a vowel harmony pattern, but not a disharmony pattern. The findings suggest that vowel disharmony is in fact strongly disfavored during learning.

中文翻译：

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元音和谐与不和谐在学习中并不等同

一般的元音和声和不和规则具有相当的形式复杂性，但是在类型频率和语音动机上却有很大差异。先前的研究发现元音和谐与不和谐在学习上没有区别。这种推定的对等已被用来轻视学习者受到实质性学习偏见影响的观点。在当前的研究中，我们使用更为细微的测试来表明元音和声与不和谐之间在学习上存在明显的区别：学习者可以轻松推断出元音和声的模式，而不是不和谐的模式。这些发现表明，元音不和谐实际上在学习过程中被强烈反对。