Tiwa, a Tibeto-Burman language of India, has an obligatory wide scope disjunction particle that must outscope the directive force of imperatives. I argue that the behavior of wide scope disjunction in Tiwa provides evidence in favor of theories of imperative meaning that derive directive force from an operator in the semantics proper (e.g., Kaufmann 2012) over purely pragmatic theories (e.g., Portner 2004, 2007). Specifically, I argue that the disjunction must be able to outscope the imperative operator in order to capture the attested reading.

中文翻译：

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超越命令的指导力量

Tiwa 是印度的一种藏缅语，有一个强制性的宽范围析取助词，必须超出命令的指示力量。我认为 Tiwa 中广域析取的行为提供了支持命令式意义理论的证据，该理论从语义上的运算符（例如，Kaufmann 2012）中获得指令力，而不是纯粹的语用理论（例如，Portner 2004，2007）。具体来说，我认为析取必须能够超出命令式运算符的范围，才能捕获经证实的阅读。