The goal of this squib is to tease apart two competing approaches to wh-scope marking, the direct-dependency approach and the indirect-dependency approach, by introducing Japanese wh-scope marking. The two approaches make different predictions regarding the type of the embedded clause in wh-scope-marking constructions. The embedded clause is regarded as declarative under the direct-dependency approach but as interrogative under the indirect-dependency approach. What is especially interesting in this respect is that Japanese wh-scope marking requires the embedded clause to be marked by the interrogative complementizer ka. Japanese wh-scope marking thus provides clear morphological evidence for the indirect-dependency approach.

中文翻译：

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日语中的Wh-范围标记：间接依赖方法的证据

这个引爆工具的目的是通过引入日本的Wh-scope标记，来区分两种相互竞争的Wh-scope标记方法，即直接依赖方法和间接依赖方法。两种方法对wh-scope-marking构造中嵌入子句的类型做出不同的预测。嵌入式子句在直接依赖方法下被视为声明性的，但在间接依赖方法下被视为疑问性的。在这方面特别有趣的是，日语wh-scope标记要求嵌入的子句由疑问补语ka标记。因此，日本的wh-scope标记为间接依赖方法提供了清晰的形态学证据。