It has been debated in phonological literature whether word stress should be modeled using metrical grids or feet and how its directionality is assigned. In this article, we discuss new data from Ukrainian, which has a hybrid metrical system with unpredictable lexical stress and grammatical iterative secondary stress. We demonstrate that Ukrainian poses a challenge for current metrical theories relying on gradient alignment and propose an analysis based on categorical alignment coupled with a rhythmic licensing constraint mandating that lapses are located near the main stress (Lapse-at-Peak). We argue that Lapse-at-Peak is required regardless of the stress representations (feet or grids) assumed.

中文翻译：

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指标结构和许可：来自乌克兰的争论

在语音学文献中一直争论是否应使用度量格或英尺来模拟单词重音以及如何指定其方向性。在本文中，我们讨论了来自乌克兰语的新数据，该数据具有混合的度量系统，该系统具有不可预测的词汇应力和语法迭代次应力。我们证明了乌克兰语对当前依赖于梯度对齐的度量理论提出了挑战，并提出了基于分类对齐和有规律的许可约束的分析，该分析要求失效位于主要应力附近（峰值峰）。我们认为，无论假定的应力表示形式（英尺或网格）如何，都需要达到峰值。