As a research topic within the field of LIS, programs in public libraries are underexplored, and the question of user fees for programs has not previously been addressed.,This article compares data collected from two individually conducted studies of public library programs in North America and Denmark to enrich our understanding of user fees in relation to programs.,The comparative analysis shows both similarities and deviations regarding the levying of fees for library programs. While paying a fee to attend a program is rather normal in Denmark, it is more of a fringe idea in North America.,By exploring a previously understudied facet of contemporary public librarianship, this article opens up new avenues for inquiry regarding how the relative accessibility and availability of programs relate to theoretical discussions about programs as public library services.,This article provides library managers with needed information about how to conceptualize the roles of programs as public library services.,As programming surges to the fore in contemporary public librarianship, the levying of user fees has social implications in terms of social equity and the public library ethos of free and equal access for all.,This article is the first study of user fees for public library programs, as well as among the first cross-national comparisons of programming as a dimension of public librarianship.

中文翻译：

---

免费和所有人？北美和丹麦公共图书馆收费项目的比较研究

作为 LIS 领域内的一个研究课题，公共图书馆中的项目尚未得到充分探索，项目使用费的问题以前也没有得到解决。,本文比较了从两个单独进行的北美和公共图书馆项目研究中收集的数据。丹麦丰富了我们对与项目相关的用户费用的理解。比较分析显示了图书馆项目收费方面的相似之处和不同之处。虽然付费参加一个项目在丹麦是很正常的，但在北美，这更像是一个边缘想法。,通过探索当代公共图书馆业以前未被充分研究的方面，