Abstract Karl Leonhard Reinhold (1757–1823) is hailed as one of the most influential thinkers of early post-Kantian philosophy. He is best known for popularising critical philosophy through his Letters on the Kantian Philosophy, first published in the Teutsche Merkur (1786), and for restructuring it into a kind of axiomatic-deductive system in the Elementarphilosophie (1789–1794). An axiomatic-deductive system is based on one or several self-evident principles from which all subsequent principles are deduced. Reinhold’s restructuring of Kant’s critical project was highly influential for Fichte and the early Schelling, and thus, for the transition from Kantian critical philosophy to German Idealism. Most Reinhold scholars interpret the system of the Elementarphilosophie as belonging to the pre-critical tradition. Counter to this view, I consider the possibility that Reinhold was influenced by the idea of a philosophical system put forth by Kant in the Architectonic. I proceed by first discussing Kant’s criteria of both a pre-critical and a critical system, before assessing which the Elementarphilosophie can best be described as. I conclude that although Reinhold’s system is more adequately classified as a critical than as a pre-critical system, it must ultimately be viewed as something new.

中文翻译：

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莱因霍尔德的基本哲学：学术体系还是批判哲学体系？

摘要卡尔·莱昂哈德·莱因霍尔德（Karl Leonhard Reinhold，1757–1823年）被誉为早期后康德哲学的最有影响力的思想家之一。他以《康德哲学书》（1786年首次出版）普及批判哲学而闻名，并在《自然哲学》（1789年至1794年）中将其重构为一种公理演绎系统而闻名。公理推论系统基于一个或几个不证自明的原则，从中推论出所有后续原则。莱因霍尔德对康德批判性项目的重组对费希特和早期谢林，以及从康德批判哲学到德国唯心主义的过渡都具有重大影响。多数Reinhold学者将基本哲学体系解释为属于前批判传统。与这种观点相反，我认为，康德在建筑学中提出的哲学体系的思想可能会影响莱因霍尔德。首先，我先讨论康德的先决条件和先决条件系统的标准，然后再评估哪种最能描述为基本哲学。我得出的结论是，尽管Reinhold的系统被更严格地分类为关键系统而不是预关键系统，但最终必须将其视为新事物。