Abstract I discuss the problem that Kant’s ethics seems to be incapable of capturing our strong intuition that emergencies create a context for actions that is very different from other cases of helping and from other opportunities to further obligatory ends. I argue that if we pay attention to how Kant grounds beneficence we see that distress and emergency function as constitutive concerns. They are vital to establishing the duty of beneficence in the first place, and they also guide the application of duties to specific cases. Kant’s conception of imperfect duties to others, when understood correctly, offers a way to understand why emergencies are morally important, but also why other factors have a place in our moral reasoning.

中文翻译：

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溺水者的葬礼进行曲？

摘要我讨论了一个问题，即康德的道德似乎无法抓住我们的强烈直觉，即紧急情况为采取行动提供了背景，这种情况与其他帮助情况和其他机会到进一步的强制性目标截然不同。我认为，如果我们关注康德的理由是如何受益的，我们就会将遇险和紧急情况视为构成性问题。它们对于首先确立利益义务至关重要，并且还指导特定情况下义务的适用。康德正确地理解对他人的不完整义务的概念，提供了一种方法来理解紧急事件在道德上为何重要的原因，以及为什么其他因素在我们的道德推理中占有一席之地。