Abstract:This article illuminates the construction of the concepts "democracy" and "republic" in the Arabic-speaking regions of the eastern and southern Mediterranean between 1798 and 1878. Examining these ideas through conceptual analysis on two levels, language construction and political discourse, the article reveals the layers these concepts acquired and their reception in the context of state reforms in the Ottoman Empire. While both "democracy" and "republic" evolved in Arabic after the French Revolution and acquired their modern morphological forms and content primarily between the 1820s and 1876, "republic" came into use and was perceived as relevant to local circumstances earlier than "democracy."

中文翻译：

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东地中海和南地中海阿拉伯语“民主”和“共和”概念的建构，1798-1878

摘要：本文阐明了 1798 年至 1878 年间地中海东部和南部阿拉伯语地区“民主”和“共和”概念的构建。通过语言构建和政治话语两个层面的概念分析来检验这些概念，这篇文章揭示了这些概念在奥斯曼帝国国家改革背景下获得的层次和接受程度。虽然“民主”和“共和”在法国大革命后都在阿拉伯语中演变，并主要在 1820 年代至 1876 年间获得现代形态和内容，但“共和”开始使用并被认为与当地情况相关的时间早于“民主”。 ”