In recent works on the Enlightenment and the origin of modern Western thought, there is often a dichotomy between Moderate versus Radical Enlightenment. This essay evaluates the early experiences of freedom of print in Sweden and Denmark against the backdrop of such assertions. Sweden and Denmark were widely diverging polities but they obtained officially recognized freedom of the press at almost the same time. The conclusion is that by the second half of the eighteenth century, the Enlightenment, whether "Radical" or "Moderate," had created a universal paradigm shift.

中文翻译：

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北方新闻自由宣言：哲学思想和地方政治的相对重要性

在最近关于启蒙运动和现代西方思想起源的著作中，通常存在温和启蒙与激进启蒙之间的二分法。本文在此类断言的背景下评估了瑞典和丹麦早期的印刷自由经验。瑞典和丹麦的政体差别很大，但他们几乎同时获得了官方承认的新闻自由。结论是，到 18 世纪下半叶，启蒙运动，无论是“激进的”还是“温和的”，都创造了一种普遍的范式转变。