In her 1938 paper ‘Logical and Metaphysical Necessity’, Martha Kneale introduces the necessary a posteriori. I present a critical summary of Kneale's argument that so-called ‘metaphysical propositions’ are necessary but not a priori. I argue that Kneale is well placed to offer a template for reconciling conceivability approaches to modal epistemology with the post-Kripkean trend for taking metaphysical necessities to have their source in mind-independent reality.

中文翻译：

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Martha Kneale 关于为什么形而上学的必要性不是先验的

Martha Kneale 在她 1938 年的论文“逻辑和形而上学的必然性”中介绍了必要的后验的. 我对 Kneale 的论点进行了批判性总结，即所谓的“形而上学命题”是必要的，但不是先验. 我认为，Kneale 可以很好地提供一个模板，将模态认识论的可想象性方法与后 Kripkean 的趋势​​相协调，后者将形而上学的必然性从独立于思想的现实中获取。