This paper addresses a paradox at the heart of the classical Sufi tradition. On the one hand, key Sufi writers express a radical universalism or ‘transconfessionalism’ in their mystical verse. This has led a variety of modern scholars to identify Sufism as an ecumenical and non-dogmatic tradition. On the other hand, in other writings the selfsame authors conduct a vigorous literary polemic and celebrate missionary efforts against unbelievers of all stripes, yet with a notable emphasis on Jewish unbelievers. This article examines the image of Jews and Judaism in key Sufi texts in both Arabic and Persian between the tenth and thirteenth centuries through a variety of motifs, including the construction of the Jew as embodiment of the demonic and as archetypal unbeliever. These images become critical to the literary function of the Jew in classical Sufi texts with little connection to their historical role in Near Eastern societies.

本文探讨了古典苏菲传统的核心悖论。一方面，主要的苏菲派作家在其神秘的经文中表达了激进的普遍主义或“超信仰”。这导致许多现代学者将苏非派视为普世性和非教条主义的传统。另一方面，在其他著作中，同志作者进行了有力的文学争辩，并赞扬了宣教士针对各种信仰的信徒，但特别强调了犹太的信徒。本文通过各种主题研究了阿拉伯人和波斯人在10到13世纪间在阿拉伯语和波斯语中主要的苏菲文本中的犹太人和犹太教形象，包括构造犹太人作为恶魔的象征和原型上的不信者。