Abortion on demand was introduced in Sweden in 1975. In this article, I will discuss abortion policies and debates in the 1980s and the 1990s. The National Board of Health and Welfare was given the task to spread information on abortion and contraceptives. State-sponsored publications stated that abortion on demand was an important right for women, but—probably for strategic reasons—they also described abortions as being difficult. The anti-abortion organization ‘Yes to Life’ was founded in 1991. Anti-abortion activists demanded (unsuccessfully) for a conscience clause and mandatory counselling, while also opposing the abortion pill Mifegyne or RU 486. In the abortion debate, the psychological impact of abortion and, in particular, possible mental effects after abortion, emerged as a new theme. Attempts by abortion opponents to establish the so-called Post-Abortion Syndrome as a diagnosis in Sweden, however, were unsuccessful. A new moral perspective to abortion emerged, focusing on the ethics of care and on women as moral actors. In the article, I will discuss the (relative) consensus and strong support for abortion on demand in the 1980s and the 1990s, as well as the proactive role that the Swedish state has been playing (since the 1930s) on abortion policy.

中文翻译：

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瑞典女性没有强烈反对？按需堕胎的权利，1975-2000

瑞典于 1975 年引入了按需堕胎。在本文中，我将讨论 1980 年代和 1990 年代的堕胎政策和辩论。国家卫生和福利委员会的任务是传播关于堕胎和避孕药具的信息。国家资助的出版物指出，按需堕胎是女性的一项重要权利，但可能出于战略原因，他们也将堕胎描述为困难。反堕胎组织“Yes to Life”成立于 1991 年。反堕胎活动家要求（未成功）提供良心条款和强制性咨询，同时也反对堕胎药 Mifegyne 或 RU 486。在堕胎辩论中，心理影响流产，特别是流产后可能的心理影响，成为一个新的主题。然而，堕胎反对者试图将所谓的堕胎后综合症作为瑞典的一种诊断方法，但没有成功。出现了一种新的堕胎道德观，侧重于护理伦理和作为道德行为者的妇女。在文章中，我将讨论 1980 年代和 1990 年代对按需堕胎的（相对）共识和大力支持，以及瑞典国家（自 1930 年代以来）在堕胎政策上所发挥的积极作用。