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Sir Marc Armand Ruffer, MD: The early years, 1878–1896
Journal of Medical Biography ( IF 0.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-03 , DOI: 10.1177/0967772019883998
Charles DePaolo 1
Affiliation  

A founder of paleopathology, the study of disease in ancient human remains, Sir Marc Armand Ruffer, MD (1859-1917) served in Egypt, from 1896 to 1917, as a public-health administrator, epidemiologist, and pathologist. He was professor of Bacteriology at the Cairo Medical School, President of the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Council, member of the Indian Plague Commission, and author or co-author of 40 papers in palaeopathology. However, little is known of his early professional life, which encompassed his education, medical training, and research in England and France. The pre-Egyptian period, 1878 to 1896, was a time of extraordinary activity. Acquiring four academic Degrees at Oxford University and clinical experience at the University College Hospital, London (1878-1889), he was the clinical assistant of Louis Pasteur during the anti-rabies campaign (autumn 1889), interim President of the British Institute of Preventive Medicine (1893-1896), and immunology researcher (1890-1895), in London and Paris, under the guidance of Élie Metchnikoff (1845-1916). Ruffer developed the diphtheria antitoxin in Britain. In addition to a dissertation on hydrocephalus, he composed or co-authored 34 papers. A prolific writer, linguist, clinician, and administrator, he explored several medical sub-disciplines before concentrating on palaeopathology.

中文翻译:

马克·阿曼德·鲁弗爵士,医学博士:早年,1878-1896 年

作为古病理学的创始人,研究古代人类遗骸中的疾病,医学博士 Marc Armand Ruffer 爵士(1859-1917 年)于 1896 年至 1917 年在埃及担任公共卫生管理员、流行病学家和病理学家。他是开罗医学院细菌学教授、卫生、海事和检疫委员会主席、印度瘟疫委员会成员,以及 40 篇古病理学论文的作者或合著者。然而,人们对他早期的职业生涯知之甚少,其中包括他在英国和法国的教育、医学培训和研究。前埃及时期,即 1878 年至 1896 年,是一个非常活跃的时期。在牛津大学获得四个学位并在伦敦大学学院医院获得临床经验(1878-1889),在抗狂犬病运动(1889 年秋)期间,他是 Louis Pasteur 的临床助理、英国预防医学研究所的临时主席(1893-1896 年)和伦敦和巴黎的免疫学研究员(1890-1895 年)。 Élie Metchnikoff (1845-1916) 的指导。Ruffer 在英国开发了白喉抗毒素。除了关于脑积水的论文外,他还撰写或合着了 34 篇论文。作为一名多产的作家、语言学家、临床医生和管理人员,他在专注于古病理学之前探索了几个医学子学科。除了关于脑积水的论文外,他还撰写或合着了 34 篇论文。作为一名多产的作家、语言学家、临床医生和管理人员,他在专注于古病理学之前探索了几个医学子学科。除了关于脑积水的论文外,他还撰写或合着了 34 篇论文。作为一名多产的作家、语言学家、临床医生和管理人员,他在专注于古病理学之前探索了几个医学子学科。
更新日期:2019-11-03
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