Family studies can provide a wealth of information regarding risk factors in psychological disorders. No studies have compared the trauma experiences and coping strategies of problem gamblers with those of their first-degree relatives. Therefore, in this study, childhood trauma and coping strategies were investigated among participants with gambling disorder, their first-degree biological relatives, and community controls. Participants completed diagnostic interviews and symptom severity assessments. Participants also completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) which assesses history of abuse and neglect, and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) which assesses task, emotion, and avoidance oriented coping strategies. Analysis of variance showed that there was a significant effect for group, but not gender, on the CTQ. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant effect for group on coping style. Post-hoc tests showed that probands and relatives were less likely to use task-oriented coping compared to controls, but probands and relatives did not differ from each other on task-oriented coping. Mediation analysis showed that task-oriented coping did not mediate the relation between childhood trauma and gambling severity. By using a family study design, this study was able for the first time to delineate familial and disease-specific effects associated with childhood trauma and coping strategies in gambling disorder.

中文翻译：

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赌博疾病的创伤和应对策略的家庭研究

家庭研究可以提供有关心理障碍危险因素的大量信息。尚无研究将问题赌徒的创伤经历和应对策略与其一级亲属进行比较。因此，在这项研究中，研究了赌博疾病参与者，其一级生物学亲属和社区控制者的童年创伤和应对策略。参加者完成了诊断性访谈和症状严重程度评估。参与者还完成了评估创伤和忽视历史的童年创伤问卷（CTQ），以及评估了以任务，情绪和回避为导向的应对策略的应对压力状况的量表（CISS）。方差分析表明，小组对CTQ有显着影响，但性别无影响。方差的多变量分析表明，小组对应对方式有显着影响。事后测试表明，先证者和亲戚与对照组相比，不太可能使用面向任务的应对方式，但是先证者和亲属在面向任务的应对方式上并没有什么不同。调解分析表明，面向任务的应对并未调解儿童期创伤与赌博严重性之间的关系。通过使用家庭研究设计，该研究首次能够描述与儿童期创伤和赌博疾病应对策略相关的家族和特定疾病的影响。但是先证者和亲戚在面向任务的应对方法上并没有什么不同。调解分析表明，面向任务的应对并未调解儿童期创伤与赌博严重性之间的关系。通过使用家庭研究设计，该研究首次能够描述与儿童期创伤和赌博疾病应对策略相关的家族和特定疾病的影响。但是先证者和亲戚在面向任务的应对方法上并没有什么不同。调解分析表明，面向任务的应对并未调解儿童期创伤与赌博严重性之间的关系。通过使用家庭研究设计，该研究首次能够描述与儿童期创伤和赌博疾病应对策略相关的家族和特定疾病的影响。