Like other Western countries, in the Netherlands women continue to demonstrate higher levels of religiosity than men. In this article, we set out to explain this Dutch religious gender gap regarding belief in God, prayer and church attendance. Using high quality survey data (LISS 2015), a comprehensive model is built combining social and psychological differences between Dutch men and women. These gender differences are operationalized where they are most strongly experienced, i.e. within personal relationships. We find that the gender gaps within Dutch relationships regarding belief in God and prayer can be explained by gendered religious socialization and gendered mental health dependency - and for belief in God additionally by the gendered level of agreeableness. For the gender gap regarding church attendance, gendered religious socialization explains the religious gender gap.

中文翻译：

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荷兰关系中的宗教性别差距：使用多因素方法解释荷兰持续存在的宗教性别差距

与其他西方国家一样，在荷兰，女性继续表现出比男性更高的宗教信仰。在本文中，我们着手解释荷兰在信仰上帝、祈祷和教堂出席方面的宗教性别差距。使用高质量的调查数据（LISS 2015），结合荷兰男性和女性之间的社会和心理差异构建了一个综合模型。这些性别差异在最强烈地体验到的地方，即在个人关系中，被操作化。我们发现，荷兰关系中关于信仰上帝和祈祷的性别差距可以通过性别化的宗教社会化和性别化的心理健康依赖来解释 - 以及对上帝的信仰另外还可以通过性别化的宜人程度来解释。对于教堂出席率的性别差距，