Given the large potential of prison-based treatment programs, it is highly important to empirically evaluate such programs in various populations in various geographic regions. The current study focused on the Dutch Prevention of Recidivism Program, a prison-based treatment program that aims to lower re-offending rates among participants by administering an individualized treatment program that addresses the criminogenic needs of an individual offender. It aimed to assess the extent to which the program was effective in reducing the post-release re-offending rates of program participants. This was studied by analyzing official prison data, risk assessment data, and re-offending records of a population-based sample of males incarcerated in The Netherlands. Proportional weighting within strata was applied to minimize selection effects. Study results showed that prisoners who completed a standard treatment program (which only consisted of phased re-entry), re-offended less in the 24 months post-release, compared to offenders in the control condition. This treatment effect was, however, not found when comparing prisoners who had completed a standard program plus cognitive skill training or substance abuse treatment, to those who had not. It was consequently concluded that participation in the prison-based Prevention of Recidivism program had a positive effect on post-release re-offending, for offenders who had engaged in a standard program that did not include any behavioral treatment modules. Results were discussed in light of theoretical and empirical considerations.

中文翻译：

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基于监狱的治疗程序后的累犯：使用分层内比例加权的治疗组和对照组之间的比较

鉴于基于监狱的治疗计划的巨大潜力，对不同地理区域的各种人群进行经验评估这些计划非常重要。当前的研究集中于荷兰预防累犯计划，这是一个基于监狱的治疗计划，旨在通过管理针对个别罪犯的犯罪需求的个性化治疗计划，降低参与者的再犯罪率。其目的是评估该计划在降低计划参与者的发布后再犯罪率方面的有效程度。通过分析官方监狱数据，风险评估数据以及在荷兰基于人口的男性被监禁样本的再犯罪记录进行了研究。应用分层内的比例加权以最小化选择效果。研究结果表明，完成了标准治疗程序的囚犯（仅包括分阶段再入狱）与释放后的正常对照组相比，在释放后的24个月内重新犯罪的人数更少。但是，将完成标准程序加认知技能训练或药物滥用治疗的囚犯与未完成囚犯的囚犯进行比较时，并没有发现这种治疗效果。因此得出结论，对于参加了不包含任何行为治疗模块的标准程序的罪犯，参加基于监狱的预防累犯方案对释放后的再犯罪有积极作用。根据理论和经验考虑对结果进行了讨论。与对照组相比，释放后24个月内再次犯罪的发生率要低。但是，将完成标准程序加认知技能训练或药物滥用治疗的囚犯与未完成囚犯的囚犯进行比较时，并没有发现这种治疗效果。因此得出结论，对于参加了不包含任何行为治疗模块的标准程序的罪犯，参加基于监狱的预防累犯方案对释放后的再犯罪有积极作用。根据理论和经验考虑对结果进行了讨论。与对照组相比，释放后24个月内再次犯罪的发生率要低。但是，将完成标准程序加认知技能训练或药物滥用治疗的囚犯与未完成囚犯的囚犯进行比较时，并没有发现这种治疗效果。因此得出结论，对于参加了不包含任何行为治疗模块的标准程序的罪犯，参加基于监狱的预防累犯方案对释放后的再犯罪有积极作用。根据理论和经验考虑对结果进行了讨论。将完成标准程序，认知技能培训或药物滥用治疗的囚犯与未完成囚犯的囚犯进行比较时，没有发现此问题。因此得出结论，对于参加了不包含任何行为治疗模块的标准程序的罪犯，参加基于监狱的预防累犯方案对释放后的再犯罪有积极作用。根据理论和经验考虑对结果进行了讨论。将完成标准程序，认知技能培训或药物滥用治疗的囚犯与未完成囚犯的囚犯进行比较时，没有发现此问题。因此得出结论，对于参加了不包含任何行为治疗模块的标准程序的罪犯，参加基于监狱的预防累犯方案对释放后的再犯罪有积极作用。根据理论和经验考虑对结果进行了讨论。