It is commonly asserted that Targum Song of Songs was composed in Palestine in the seventh or eighth century CE. This article surveys the most significant criteria used to posit that assertion (such as language, Jewish education, and messianism), and it argues that these criteria are either inconclusive or point to a different Sitz im Leben for the Targum. The article then adds one element to the discussion, the use of the late Latin term olibanum, ‘frankincense’, in 4.11. Ultimately, this article argues that the traditional dating and provenance of Targum Song of Songs' composition should be adjusted. A tenth- or eleventh-century time period and a location in either southern Italy or Byzantium better fit the evidence.

中文翻译：

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跟随乳香：重新评估Targum歌曲之歌的Sitz im Leben

通常认为，塔尔古姆的歌曲之歌是在公元七，八世纪在巴勒斯坦创作的。本文调查了用于提出该断言的最重要标准（例如语言，犹太教育和弥赛亚主义），并认为这些标准不是结论性的，或者是针对Targum的另一个Sitz im Leben。然后，本文在讨论中添加了一个要素，即在4.11中使用晚期拉丁词olibanum“乳香”。归根结底，本文认为，Targum Songs of Songs作曲的传统约会和出处应予调整。十世纪或十一世纪的时间段以及在意大利南部或拜占庭的位置都更符合证据。