The key assumption behind evolutionary epistemology is that animals are active learners or ‘knowers’. In the present study, I updated the concept of natural learning, developed by Henry Plotkin and John Odling-Smee, by expanding it from the animal-only territory to the biosphere-as-a-whole territory. In the new interpretation of natural learning the concept of biological information, guided by Peter Corning’s concept of “control information”, becomes the ‘glue’ holding the organism–environment interactions together. The control information guides biological systems, from bacteria to ecosystems, in the process of natural learning executed by the universal algorithm. This algorithm, summarized by the acronym IGPT (information-gain-process-translate) incorporates natural cognitive methods including sensing/perception, memory, communication, and decision-making. Finally, the biosphere becomes the distributed network of communicative interactions between biological systems termed the interactome. The concept of interactome is based on Gregory Bateson’s natural epistemology known as the “ecology of mind”. Mimicking Bateson’s approach, the interactome may also be designated “physiology of mind”—the principle behind regulating the biosphere homeostasis.

中文翻译：

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生物系统中的信息处理和自然学习原理

进化认识论背后的关键假设是动物是积极的学习者或“知识分子”。在本研究中，我更新了由 Henry Plotkin 和 John Odling-Smee 提出的自然学习的概念，将其从仅动物领域扩展到整个生物圈领域。在对自然学习的新解释中，生物信息的概念在彼得康宁的“控制信息”概念的指导下，成为将有机体与环境相互作用结合在一起的“粘合剂”。在通用算法执行的自然学习过程中，控制信息指导生物系统，从细菌到生态系统。该算法由首字母缩略词 IGPT（信息-获取-过程-翻译）概括，结合了自然认知方法，包括感知/感知、记忆、通信、和决策。最后，生物圈成为称为交互组的生物系统之间通信交互的分布式网络。交互组的概念基于 Gregory Bateson 被称为“心灵生态学”的自然认识论。模仿贝特森的方法，相互作用组也可以被称为“心理生理学”——调节生物圈稳态的原理。