The restriction of personal liberty is a critical feature in all conflicts, whether they are of an international character or not. With the increased prevalence of non-international armed conflict and the drastic proliferation of non-state armed groups, it is critical to explore whether such groups can legally detain or intern persons during conflict. This article proposes that there exists a power and a legal basis for armed groups to intern persons for imperative security reasons while engaged in armed conflict. It is suggested that this authorisation exists in the frameworks of both international humanitarian law and international human rights law, as it does for states engaged in such conflicts. It is proposed that such power and legal basis are particularly strong for armed groups in control of territory, and can be gleaned from certain customary law claims, treaty law, as well as some case law on international humanitarian law and human rights. Certain case law of the European Court of Human Rights on detention by de facto non-state entities conceivably reflects a change in traditional thinking on ‘legal’ detention by armed groups.

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非国家武装团体和非国际武装冲突中的拘留权

对个人自由的限制是所有冲突中的一个关键特征，无论它们是否具有国际性质。随着非国际性武装冲突的日益普遍和非国家武装团体的急剧扩散，探索这些团体是否可以在冲突期间合法拘留或拘禁人员至关重要。本文提出，武装团体在参与武装冲突时出于紧迫的安全原因拘禁人员存在权力和法律依据。有人建议，这种授权存在于国际人道主义法和国际人权法的框架中，就像对卷入此类冲突的国家一样。建议这种权力和法律基础对于控制领土的武装团体来说特别强大，并且可以从某些习惯法主张、条约法以及一些关于国际人道主义法和人权的判例法中收集到。欧洲人权法院关于事实上的非国家实体拘留的某些判例法可以想象地反映了对武装团体“合法”拘留的传统观念的改变。