This article argues that Thomas Aquinas’s definition of charity in the Summa Theologiae as ‘a kind of friendship’ represents a distinctive and theologically significant development of both the Aristotelian and the Christian monastic traditions on which he builds. By approaching his discussion of charity in the secunda secundae through the gateway of friendship, Thomas is able to characterize the spiritual vision of this portion of the Summa through a twofold movement of grace and participation. The shape of this twofold movement has an implicitly incarnational character, and thus points to the divine Subject of the Summa’s third and culminating volume. But the participatory aspect of this spiritual theology also reveals the indispensable role of the human person, and thus allows Thomas to offer a nuanced explanation of the ways that friendship with God relates to friendships with other human beings.

中文翻译：

---

转变友谊：托马斯·阿奎那谈慈善是与上帝的友谊

本文认为，托马斯·阿奎那 (Thomas Aquinas) 在《神学概论》(Summa Theologiae) 中将慈善定义为“一种友谊”，代表了他所建立的亚里士多德和基督教修道院传统的独特且具有神学意义的发展。托马斯通过友谊之门来讨论他在第二个第二阶段中的慈善事业，他能够通过恩典和参与的双重运动来描述这部分苏玛的精神愿景。这种双重运动的形状具有隐含的化身特征，因此指向了苏玛第三卷也是最终卷的神圣主题。但是这种精神神学的参与性方面也揭示了人类不可或缺的角色，