Late medieval shipbuilding in Catalonia followed the Mediterranean trend in adopting a frame-first shipbuilding principle with planking placed edge-to-edge. The predetermination of frame shapes using moulds had modified the construction process, as seen in the 11th-century Serce Limani vessel with the use of a series of moulds, and 13th-century Culip VI, with the use of a master mould, rising square and rule. Between the 13th and 15th centuries all known Mediterranean shipwrecks were built using the master-mould method, but other factors caused variation in the construction process—not the principle—as exemplified by the 14th-century Les Sorres X built with two overlain keel timbers.

中文翻译：

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西班牙加泰罗尼亚的中世纪造船业（13至15世纪）：一项原则，不同的过程

加泰罗尼亚的中世纪晚期造船业遵循地中海发展趋势，采用了框架优先的造船原则，并以边对边的方式放置木板。使用模具对框架形状的预先确定改变了构造过程，例如在11世纪的Serce Limani船上使用了一系列模具，在13世纪的Culip VI中使用了主模具，立方形和规则。在13世纪和15世纪之间，所有已知的地中海沉船都是使用母模法建造的，但是其他因素导致了建造过程中的变化（不是原理），例如14世纪的Les Sorres X用两层覆以龙骨的木材建造而成。