The paper investigates and theorises different forms and patterns of resistance to international courts (ICs) and develops an analytical framework for explaining their variability. In order to make intelligible the resistance that many ICs are currently facing, the paper first unpacks the concept of resistance. It then introduces a key distinction between mere pushback from individual Member States or other actors, seeking to influence the future direction of a court's case-law, and actual backlash – a critique triggering significant institutional reform or even the dismantling of tribunals. On the basis on the proposed theoretical framework, the paper provides a roadmap for empirical studies of resistance to ICs, considering the key contextual factors necessary to take into account in such studies.

中文翻译：

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反对国际法院：解释抵制国际法院的形式和模式

该论文调查和理论化了对国际法院 (IC) 的不同形式和模式的抵抗，并开发了一个分析框架来解释它们的可变性。为了让大家理解目前很多IC面临的电阻，论文首先对电阻的概念进行了解析。然后，它引入了一个关键区别，即来自单个成员国或其他行为者的单纯反对，试图影响法院判例法的未来方向，与实际反对——引发重大机构改革甚至解散法庭的批评。在所提出的理论框架的基础上，本文为 IC 抗性的实证研究提供了路线图，同时考虑了此类研究中必须考虑的关键背景因素。