There is already evidence that “governmental mass surveillance emerges as a dangerous habit”. Despite the serious interests at stake, we are far from fully comprehending the ramifications of the systematic and pervasive violation of privacy online. This article underscores the reasons that policy-makers and lawyers must comprehend and value privacy not only as a human rights issue, but also as a fundamental technical property for the well-functioning of the Internet. The analysis makes two main arguments. First, it argues that the effective protection of online privacy cannot be thought of only in terms of compliance with legal frameworks but that – in practice - it also needs to be secured through technological means, such as privacy enhancing technologies and, most importantly, Privacy by Design. Recent developments in the standardization work of the Internet Advisory Board and the Internet Engineering Task Force suggest a paradigm shift with respect to integrating Privacy by Design into the core Internet protocols. The consideration of privacy as a requirement in the design of the Internet will have a significant impact on reducing states’ capability to conduct mass surveillance and on protecting the privacy of global end-users. Second, the article argues that Internet standards should not be seen as “living a parallel life” to, or as displacing or merely complementing, international human rights law. Technical standards and international law can actively inform one another. The analysis and findings demonstrate how the technical perspective on privacy can inform and enrich policy-making and legal reasoning.

中文翻译：

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通过设计进行工程和律师保护隐私：将在线隐私理解为技术性人权问题和国际人权问题

已经有证据表明“政府大规模监视已成为一种危险习惯”。尽管存在重大利益攸关，但我们还远远没有完全理解系统性和普遍性的在线侵犯隐私的后果。本文强调了决策者和律师必须理解和重视隐私的原因，它不仅是人权问题，而且是互联网正常运行的基本技术属性。该分析提出了两个主要论点。首先，它认为不能仅从遵守法律框架的角度来考虑有效保护在线隐私，而在实践中，还需要通过技术手段（例如增强隐私的技术，最重要的是隐私）来保护在线隐私。通过设计。Internet顾问委员会和Internet工程任务组的标准化工作的最新进展表明，将设计隐私权集成到核心Internet协议方面已发生了范式转变。将隐私作为Internet设计的要求，将对降低各州进行大规模监视的能力以及保护全球最终用户的隐私产生重大影响。其次，该文章认为，互联网标准不应被视为对国际人权法的“平行生存”，或被视为对国际人权法的替代或仅仅是补充。技术标准和国际法可以相互交流。分析和调查结果表明，关于隐私的技术观点如何可以为决策和法律推理提供信息并丰富其内容。