Since at least the tenth century, some theists have argued that God’s sovereignty as creator exempts God from moral evaluation, and so any argument employing moral principles or the idea of God as morally perfect is fallacious. In particular, any argument contending that the occurrence of pointless evil presents strong evidence against the existence of God is flawed, as God morally owes his creation nothing. This appeal to divine sovereignty, however, fails to rescue any theistic tradition proclaiming that God loves humans, as no one would be indifferent concerning the pointless suffering of her beloved.

中文翻译：

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邪恶和神圣的主权

至少从 10 世纪开始，一些有神论者就认为上帝作为创造者的主权豁免了上帝的道德评价，因此任何使用道德原则或上帝在道德上完美的观点的论点都是错误的。特别是，任何认为无意义的邪恶的发生是反对上帝存在的有力证据的论点都是有缺陷的，因为上帝在道德上不欠他的创造物。然而，这种对上帝主权的诉求未能挽救任何宣称上帝爱人类的有神论传统，因为没有人会对她心爱的人毫无意义的痛苦漠不关心。