Besides its multiple harms, corruption undermines the rule of law and impedes the effective functioning of criminal justice institutions. It involves both elites in bending rules and laws as well as police at the bottom of the hierarchy asking for bribes. We analyze corruption intentions within the framework of Brennan and Pettit’s “economy of esteem,” using three main conceptual frameworks: attachment to kinship groups, materialistic orientations, and deterrence. We draw on data from a survey of 530 university students in Ghana to examine predictors of corruption intentions of prospective elites. Our prospective elites were more inclined to resort to influence peddling rather than to pay bribes directly. We find that attitudinal patterns indicative of esteem predict intentions to engage in corrupt exchanges across different agencies and contexts—police, procurement for government, and abuse of power—as well as different types of action, whether bribe payment or nepotism. In contrast, citizenly pride (and self-esteem) motivates integrity across all types of corrupt exchange. Deterrence, in terms of certainty, had a more consistently negative impact on intentions to engage in nepotism than in bribe paying and acceptance, with public procurement being the exception; no effect was found for stigma, and only police nepotism was an exception to the otherwise non-significant effects of severity.

中文翻译：

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加纳潜在精英的腐败意图

除了其多重危害外，腐败还会破坏法治并阻碍刑事司法机构的有效运作。它既涉及破坏规则和法律的精英，也涉及等级制度底层的警察索要贿赂。我们在 Brennan 和 Pettit 的“尊重经济”的框架内分析腐败意图，使用三个主要概念框架：对亲属团体的依恋、物质主义取向和威慑。我们利用对加纳 530 名大学生的调查数据来检验潜在精英腐败意图的预测因素。我们未来的精英更倾向于诉诸影响力兜售，而不是直接行贿。我们发现，表明尊重的态度模式可以预测不同机构和环境（警察、政府采购和滥用职权）之间进行腐败交流的意图，以及不同类型的行为，无论是行贿还是裙带关系。相比之下，公民的自豪感（和自尊）在所有类型的腐败交易中都激发了诚信。就确定性而言，威慑对裙带关系的意图产生的负面影响比贿赂和接受贿赂的意图更为一致，公共采购是例外；没有发现对污名的影响，只有警察裙带关系是严重性的其他不显着影响的例外。公民的自豪感（和自尊）在所有类型的腐败交易中激发诚信。就确定性而言，威慑对裙带关系的意图产生的负面影响比贿赂和接受贿赂的意图更一致，公共采购是例外；没有发现对污名的影响，只有警察裙带关系是严重性的其他不显着影响的例外。公民的自豪感（和自尊）在所有类型的腐败交易中激发诚信。就确定性而言，威慑对裙带关系的意图产生的负面影响比贿赂和接受贿赂的意图更为一致，公共采购是例外；没有发现对污名的影响，只有警察裙带关系是严重性的其他不显着影响的例外。