Since 2011, the conflict in Syria and Iraq has seen unprecedented numbers of Westerners travelling to the region to support jihadist terror organisations, so-called Foreign Terrorist Fighters (‘ FTF s’). However, since 2015, with Islamic State’s financial and territorial losses, the numbers of Western FTF s are dwindling and many are returning to their countries of origin. As a consequence, numerous countries are grappling with how to best manage potential security threats arising from returning FTF s. This article critically analyses legal and criminal justice strategies to address this phenomenon implemented in three Western countries from which a significant number of FTF s originate: Germany, the United Kingdom and Australia. It focuses on prosecution, prevention of re-entry and rehabilitation of returning FTF s. It suggests that a holistic approach focusing on punitive but also on de-radicalising and reintegrating measures is best suited to address the security risks FTF s pose long term.

中文翻译：

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“家，甜蜜的家”：在德国，英国和澳大利亚管理回国的外国恐怖主义战斗人员

自2011年以来，叙利亚和伊拉克的冲突已使史无前例的西方人前往该地区支持圣战恐怖组织，即所谓的“外国恐怖主义战斗人员”。但是，自2015年以来，由于伊斯兰国的财政和领土损失，西方FTF的数量在减少，许多FTF都返回了其原籍国。结果，许多国家都在努力如何最好地管理归还FTF所引起的潜在安全威胁。本文批判性地分析了解决这一现象的法律和刑事司法策略，该策略在三个源自多个FTF的西方国家（德国，英国和澳大利亚）实施。它着重于起诉，防止再入境和返还的FTF的康复。