The article elucidates the ideologies behind the colonial policy regarding the mitigation of earthquakes and cyclonic hazards in nineteenth- and twentieth-century India. Colonial encounters with the natural world of the Indian subcontinent had generated much discontent and uneasiness between the rulers and the ruled. There is no doubt that the environmental or natural policies of the colonial state were guided by economic interests, but in the cases of natural disasters like earthquakes and cyclones, these were unleashed in a more critical and dramatic way. The present article intends to critically examine the geological and cyclonological developments in colonial India as part of the disaster mitigation process and thereby explore the colonial attitude towards natural disasters. The economy and politics of disasters had evolved in the course of time in accordance with the shifting interests of colonial rulers. The article does not merely intend to deal with the ‘science’ of the disasters but delves into the historical evolution of geological and cyclonological study in colonial India.

中文翻译：

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将地震和气旋历史化：印度殖民地地质学和气旋学的演变

这篇文章阐明了 19 世纪和 20 世纪印度关于减轻地震和气旋灾害的殖民政策背后的意识形态。殖民者与印度次大陆的自然世界的遭遇在统治者和被统治者之间产生了许多不满和不安。毫无疑问，殖民地国家的环境或自然政策是以经济利益为导向的，但在地震和飓风等自然灾害的情况下，这些政策以更具批判性和戏剧性的方式被释放出来。本文旨在批判性地研究殖民地印度的地质和气旋发展，作为减灾过程的一部分，从而探讨殖民地对自然灾害的态度。灾难的经济和政治随着时间的推移随着殖民统治者利益的变化而演变。这篇文章不仅打算处理灾难的“科学”，而且还深入研究了殖民地印度地质和气旋研究的历史演变。