The US Army's war crimes trials of the hundreds of Japanese military personnel tried at Manila from 1945 to 1947 represent an opportunity to gain valuable insights into Allied 'justice' at a time when many aspects of war crimes jurisprudence were at a formative stage. Specifically, the Manila trials offer a unique portal into the jurisprudence of the doctrine of command responsibility. The 'command responsibility trials' at Manila, as they became known, are important for understanding the jurisprudential path to finding superiors criminally responsible for the criminal acts of their subordinates. This paper examines five trials from the US Army’s Manila trials in relation to the doctrine of command responsibility and in so doing, shows how the Manila trials significantly contributed to the development of the very important doctrine known as command responsibility.

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关键时刻的法律：美国陆军在马尼拉的指挥责任审判，1945-1947

美国陆军对 1945 年至 1947 年在马尼拉受审的数百名日本军人的战争罪审判代表了一个机会，可以在战争罪判例的许多方面处于形成阶段的时候获得对盟军“正义”的宝贵见解。具体而言，马尼拉审判为了解指挥责任原则的法理学提供了一个独特的入口。众所周知，马尼拉的“指挥责任审判”对于理解上司对其下属的犯罪行为负有刑事责任的法理路径很重要。本文研究了美国陆军马尼拉审判中与指挥责任理论相关的五项审判，并在此过程中，