Abstract The paper analyses the Swedish modal particles ju and väl as markers of engagement. This analysis finds support in the distribution and frequency of ju and väl in a corpus of spoken Swedish along with an examination of existing accounts concerning the semantics of the investigated forms. Engagement encodes differences in the distribution of knowledge and/or attention between the speaker and the addressee, where the basic semantic contrast consists of the speaker asserting an assumption about the addressee’s knowledge of/attention to an event as either shared, or non-shared with the speaker. Ju and väl are paradigmatically contrastive in signaling shared access to an event from the point of view of the speaker, or the addressee: ju signals shared access to an event and at the same time places the epistemic authority with the speaker, and väl signals shared access to an event, placing the epistemic authority with the addressee. Analytical support for ju and väl as markers of engagement comes from the distribution of both forms with first person (jag), second person (du), and generic (man) subject pronouns.

中文翻译：

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瑞典模态粒子作为参与的标志：来自分布和频率的证据

摘要本文分析了瑞典情态粒子ju和väl作为交往的标志。该分析在瑞典语口语语料库中ju和väl的分布和频率中找到了支持，并研究了有关被调查表格的语义的现有叙述。参与编码了讲话者和收件人之间知识和/或注意力分布的差异，其中基本的语义对比包括讲话者断言一个关于收件人对事件的了解/注意的假设，即与该事件共享或不共享演讲者。Ju和väl在发话人或收件人的观点上表示对事件的共享访问在范式上是相反的：ju发出对事件的共享访问的信号，同时将语言学权威与发话人，väl发出对事件的共享访问权限，将认知权限授予收件人。对ju和väl作为参与标记的分析支持来自两种形式的分布：第一人称（jag），第二人称（du）和通用（man）代词。