Abstract A domain pertinent to knowing in interaction is evidentiality, but documenting evidential markers can be challenging. Among methodologies, direct elicitation and questionnaires offer the advantages of efficiency and cross-linguistically comparable data. They can, however, miss markers that are below the level of speaker consciousness, as well as significant discourse and social factors. Experimental tasks can provide cross-linguistically comparable data complete with discourse context, and in some cases evidence of the role of differential knowledge states of participants. A single task might miss genre-specific markers, however. Documentation of extensive unscripted speech in a variety of genres, much of it interactive, can provide a foundation for identifying the full sets of markers to be investigated and for uncovering functions beyond specifying the source of information. Insights from speakers can then take us further, potentially shedding light on subtle circumstances underlying choices among alternatives, particularly those reflecting social factors. But we need to know how to listen. Effective collaboration depends crucially on recognition of the variability of speaker consciousness of the markers. If this is kept in mind, speakers can serve as important co-analysts, scouting through their lifetime experiences to provide hypotheses about the contexts in which alternative constructions would be appropriate, meanings they can add, and social and cultural factors influencing their use. Resulting hypotheses can then be tested against the documented material and refined until they account well for the data. These points are illustrated with material from Central Pomo, indigenous to California.

中文翻译：

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上下文和意识：记录证据

摘要与交互作用相关的领域是证据，但是记录证据标记可能是一个挑战。在方法论中，直接启发和问卷调查提供了效率和跨语言可比数据的优势。但是，他们可能会错过说话者意识水平以及重要的话语和社会因素以下的标记。实验任务可以提供具有话语上下文的跨语言可比数据，并且在某些情况下可以证明参与者的差异知识状态的作用。但是，一项任务可能会错过特定类型的标记。记录各种类型的广泛的非书面讲话，其中大部分是交互式的，可以提供一个基础，用于识别要调查的全套标记，并揭示超出指定信息源的功能。演讲者的见解可以使我们走得更远，从而有可能揭示出备选方案中潜在的细微情况，尤其是那些反映社会因素的方案。但是我们需要知道如何听。有效的协作至关重要地取决于对标记说话者意识差异的认识。如果牢记这一点，说话者可以充当重要的共同分析者，在他们的一生经历中进行探索，以提供关于适合使用替代结构，可以添加的含义以及影响其使用的社会和文化因素的假设。然后可以针对记录的材料检验得出的假设，并对其进行完善，直到它们很好地说明了数据。这些要点都用来自加利福尼亚本土的Central Pomo的资料进行了说明。