The right to privacy has usually been considered as the most prominent fundamental right to protect in data-intensive (Big Data) health research. Within the European Union (EU), however, the right to data protection is gaining relevance as a separate fundamental right that should in particular be protected by data protection law. This paper discusses three differences between these two fundamental rights, which are relevant to data-intensive health research. Firstly, the rights based on the right to data protection are of a less context-sensitive nature and easier to enforce. Secondly, the positive obligation to protect personal data requires a more proactive approach by the EU and its Member States. Finally, it guarantees a more comprehensive system of personal data protection. In conclusion, we argue that a comprehensive system of data protection, including research-specific safeguards, is essential to compensate for the loss of individual control in data-intensive health research.

中文翻译：

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从欧盟的隐私到数据保护：对大数据健康研究的启示

隐私权通常被认为是数据密集型（大数据）健康研究中最重要的基本权利。但是，在欧盟内部，数据保护权作为一项独立的基本权利正在变得越来越重要，尤其应受到数据保护法的保护。本文讨论了这两项基本权利之间的三个差异，这与数据密集型健康研究有关。首先，基于数据保护权的权利具有较少的上下文相关性，并且更易于执行。其次，保护个人数据的积极义务要求欧盟及其成员国采取更加积极的态度。最后，它保证了更全面的个人数据保护系统。综上所述，