In its promotion of an autonomy model of decision-making in medical matters, French law, after making patients’ consent to medical procedures compulsory by case law then by legislation, established the primacy of the expression of patients’ wishes. Lawmakers followed the principle of shared medical decision-making and, for situations in which subjects are not fit to express their wishes, created mechanisms to represent their wishes as expressed previously. Examination of comparable legal provisions in other countries raises questions about the pertinence of the French model, which has not fully incorporated the concept of decision-making capacity but limited itself to a binary appreciation of fitness to express one’s wishes.

中文翻译：

---

法国法律制定的医疗决策程序中患者愿望的首要地位

法国法促进了医疗决策的自主模式，在使患者同意由判例法和立法强制实施医疗程序之后，确立了患者意愿表达的首要条件。立法者遵循共同医疗决策的原则，并且在受试者不适合表达自己意愿的情况下，建立了代表自己表达意愿的机制。审查其他国家的可比法律规定引起了人们对法国模式适用性的质疑，法国模式尚未完全纳入决策能力的概念，但仅限于以二进制形式表达对自己意愿的理解。