On 19 December 2017 the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) delivered a judgment in the Lopes de Sousa Fernandes v. Portugal case. The judgment may be described as one of the hard cases dealing with a healthcare context, as it aimed to clarify the scope of positive substantive state obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights and the conditions of international responsibility. This article explores the judgment against the wider background of the previous case-law of the Court. It focuses on the question of the classification of healthcare problems into three categories: medical negligence, systemic deficiency, and denial of emergency healthcare, and reflects upon their ratione materiae justiciability before the European Court of Human Rights.

中文翻译：

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医疗过失，系统性缺陷还是拒绝紧急医疗保健？关于欧洲人权法院2017年12月19日在Lopes de Sousa Fernandes诉葡萄牙案中对大审判决的反思以及以前的判例法

2017年12月19日，欧洲人权法院大审判庭在Sopes Fernandes诉葡萄牙大败案中作出判决。该判决可能被描述为涉及医疗保健背景的困难案件之一，因为该判决旨在阐明《欧洲人权公约》规定的积极的实质性国家义务的范围和国际责任的条件。本文探讨了在法院以前的判例法的更广泛背景下的判决。它着重于将医疗保健问题分为三类的问题：医疗过失，系统性缺陷和拒绝紧急医疗保健，并向欧洲人权法院反映了其属事可诉性。