Since the 1990s there has been an upsurge of academic interest in Trotsky’s concept of uneven and combined development, but relatively little attention has been paid to its intellectual antecedents. This first of two articles will reconstruct the sources and components of uneven and combined development, in particular the strategy of permanent revolution, the conditions for which it was intended as an explanation, and the theory of uneven development, which Trotsky had to extend in order to provide that explanation. The article moves between the concepts of permanent revolution and uneven development, tracing their historical development from emergence in the eighteenth century until the era of the first Russian Revolution. By this point a relationship between the two had begun to be established by Marxists on the centre and left of the Second International, and in turn made possible the formulation of the “law” of uneven and combined development, which will be discussed in the second article.

中文翻译：

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不平衡和组合发展的“规律”：第1部分

自 1990 年代以来，学术界对托洛茨基的不平衡和联合发展概念的兴趣高涨，但对其知识渊源的关注相对较少。两篇文章中的第一篇将重构不均衡和联合发展的来源和组成部分，特别是不断革命的战略、它作为解释的条件，以及托洛茨基必须扩展的不均衡发展理论。提供这种解释。文章在不断革命和不平衡发展的概念之间穿梭，追溯它们从十八世纪出现到第一次俄国革命时代的历史发展。